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Management of pituitary tumors has improved in the past decade since the introduction of novel therapeutic agents.As a result,several treatment options are now available.Dopamine agonists are the preferred treatment for both symptomatic microprolactinomas and macroprolactinomas;these drugs result in normalization of hormone levels and tumor shrinkage in most treated patients.New formulations(such as cabergoline and parenteral bromocriptine)with prolonged duration of action offer improved compliance with treatment and cure rates.For acromegaly and adrenocorticotropin hormone(ACTH)-secreting,thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)-secreting,and nonfunctional adenomas,surgery often results in cure.Octreotide and the long-acting,slow-release somatostatin analogues are effective medical alternative to or adjuvants for transphenoidal surgery in patients with growth hormone-secreting and TSH-secreting tumors.No drug treatment is available for symptomatic nonfunctional tumors,and patients with ACTH- secreting adenomas may benefit from cortisol-lowering drugs after surgical failure.Pituitary tumors are successfully resected,functional adenomas may not be cured by surgery.As more-effective drugs are introduced for the management of pituitary tumors,more patients with hormone-secreting adenomas are being successfully treated medically. |
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acromegaly
advances in neurology
bromocriptine
cabergoline
dopamine agonist
microsurgery
microsurgery,transsphenoidal
neoplasm,pituitary
neoplasm,pituitary,treatment of
octreotide
pituitary,adenoma
pituitary,hormones of
pituitary,microadenoma
prolactin,elevated
prolactinoma
radiation therapy,CNS treatment and complications with
review article
somatostatin analogue
treatment of neurologic disorder
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